Certainly! Here's a quick and engaging game to reinforce the construction of past participles for irregular verbs in just 3 minutes: **Game: "Verb Master Challenge"** **Objective:** To construct past participles of irregular verbs while having fun. **Materials Needed:** 1. List of irregular verbs (written on cards or displayed) 2. Timer **Instructions:** 1. **Verb Draw:** Distribute the list of irregular verbs among the participants. 2. **Time Crunch:** Set the timer for 3 minutes. 3. **Construct & Conquer:** In the given time, participants must construct as many correct past participles as possible using the irregular verbs provided. 4. **Peer Review:** After the 3 minutes, participants exchange their lists with a peer. 5. **Correction Round:** Each participant reviews their peer's list, marking corrections where necessary. 6. **Discussion:** Facilitate a brief discussion where participants can share the challenges they faced and the corrections made. 7. **Bonus Round (Optional):** Introduce a bonus round for those who completed the initial task quickly. In this round, participants create sentences using the past participles they formed. 8. **Winner's Circle:** Acknowledge and celebrate the participant who formed the most correct past participles and crafted meaningful sentences. This game not only reinforces the construction of past participles but also encourages collaboration, peer learning, and a quick grasp of irregular verbs in a time-efficient manner.

Procedure for Writing the Paragraph: 1. **Introduction (Exposure to Target Language):** - Begin by introducing the paragraph with a focus on the present perfect simple and past simple tenses. - Provide a brief overview of the narrative context involving Gamal, a business person. 2. **Contextual Details (Past Simple Tense):** - Start the paragraph by narrating Gamal's initial career steps after completing university. - Employ past simple tense to describe how he secured a job with a large company in Cairo. 3. **Development (Present Perfect Simple Tense):** - Transition to the present perfect simple tense to discuss Gamal's current employment status. - Highlight that he has been working at the company for three years, emphasizing continuity. 4. **Elaboration on Job Role and Activities:** - Use present perfect and past simple tenses to elaborate on Gamal's job role as a manager. - Mention his team leadership, regular meetings, and the hard work he puts into his responsibilities. 5. **Global Exposure (Past Simple and Present Perfect):** - Incorporate past simple tense to describe Gamal's travels to Nigeria and Brazil last year. - Utilize present perfect tense to emphasize the impact of these travels on his global experiences. 6. **Conclusion (Reflection):** - Conclude the paragraph by expressing a personal opinion or reflection on Gamal's professional achievements. - Reinforce the key language points, encouraging learners to identify and understand the use of past simple and present perfect tenses in context.

To highlight the target language in the given text, I can employ various strategies to draw students' attention. Here are some suggestions: 1 - Underlining or Bold Text: Identify and underline or bold instances of the target language, such as verbs in past simple and present perfect tenses. For example: "finished," "got," "worked," "has," "is," "has traveled," and "went." 2 - Color Coding: Use different colors for verbs in past simple and present perfect tenses. For instance, use one color for past simple verbs and another for present perfect verbs. This visual distinction can help students quickly recognize and differentiate between the two tenses. 3 - Comparative Analysis: Provide a brief explanation or comparison between the two tenses to help students understand their distinct uses. Teacher: Notice how "finished" indicates a completed action in the past, while "has worked" shows an ongoing action with a connection to the present.

To effectively clarify the meaning, form, and pronunciation of the target language in the given text, you can use various instructional strategies. Here's how you can apply clarification techniques: 1. **Meaning Clarification:** - **Contextual Explanation:** - Provide a contextual explanation of the sentences to help students understand the meaning of the target language. - *Teacher: What does "He's worked there for three years now" suggest about Gamal's job? How long has he been working at the company?* - **Visual Aids:** - Use visuals, such as images or diagrams, to illustrate the meaning of key phrases. For example, use a timeline to represent the three years of work. - *Teacher: Let's visualize how long Gamal has been working at the company. Look at this timeline.* 2. **Form Clarification:** - **Grammar Focus:** - Break down the structure of sentences to highlight the form of the target language. Emphasize the use of past simple and present perfect tenses. - *Teacher: Notice how "He's worked" is a contraction of "He has worked." This is an example of the present perfect tense.* - **Sentence Analysis:** - Guide students through a sentence analysis, pointing out the subject, verb, and tense of each key sentence. - *Teacher: Let's break down the sentence "When he finished university, he got a job." What is the main verb in this sentence?* 3. **Pronunciation Clarification:** - **Phonetic Focus:** - Pay attention to pronunciation by highlighting specific sounds or phonetic patterns. Practice pronunciation of challenging words. - *Teacher: Let's focus on pronouncing "manager" and "meetings" accurately. Repeat after me: "man-a-ger," "meet-ings."* - **Modeling:** - Model correct pronunciation and encourage students to imitate. Provide individual feedback if needed. - *Teacher: Listen to how I pronounce "Brazil." Now, repeat after me.* 4. **Interactive Practice:** - **Role Play:** - Engage students in role-play activities to practice using the target language in context. - *Teacher: Pair up and create a short dialogue using the past simple and present perfect tenses to talk about a job and travel.* - **Question and Answer Session:** - Encourage students to ask questions about the text, promoting active participation. - *Teacher: Any questions about the meaning or form of the sentences? Feel free to ask.* By incorporating these clarification strategies, you can ensure that students not only understand the meaning, form, and pronunciation of the target language but also have opportunities for active engagement and practice.

- It can be done through different procedures 1 -Sentence Completion: Instruct students to complete sentences about their assigned careers using the appropriate verb tense (present perfect or past simple). Provide examples: The businessperson ____________ (work) in the industry for ten years. Last year, the computer programmer ____________ (complete) a major project. 2 - Role Play: Instruct students to perform role-plays where they act out scenarios related to their assigned careers. Encourage the incorporation of past and present events in their role-plays. Example scenario: The campaigner ____________ (organize) a successful event last month and ____________ (work) on another project this year.

1 -Sentence Completion : Distribute a worksheet with incomplete sentences about the given careers. Instruct students to complete the sentences with the appropriate verb tense (present perfect or past simple). Allow students to work individually or in pairs. Circulate the classroom to provide assistance and monitor progress. 2 - Closure : Summarize the key points of the lesson and the correct usage of present perfect and past simple tenses. Highlight the importance of these tenses in expressing different aspects of time in English. **Semi-Controlled Practice Task: Concept Checking for Present Perfect and Past Simple Tenses**

This can be done in different procedures. Here are some : 1 - Exit Ticket Teacher gives each pair of students a printed board game that focus on the usage of both tenses of the target language and vocabulary properly . 2 - Writing Task : Students write down a short paragraph about their favourite career using target grammar ( i.e. present perfect simple and pat simple tense ) properly and correctly . 3 - Closure (5 minutes): Summarize the importance of effective tense usage in expressing ideas about different timeframes. Highlight any common trends or areas of improvement identified during the peer review and class discussion.

1- A printed handout to be completed at home about the present perfect and past simple tenses 2 - Complete the sentences with the correct form of the word(s) in brackets on pages 129 - 130 ( Students' Booklet ) 2 - Scan the first QR code to watch about a 10-minute video on today's lesson 3 - Scan the second QR code to answer an interactive quiz on the present perfect and past simple tense and know your result immediately .