Grammar: Obligation and Permission (Language Focus)
Intermediate level
Description
Main Aims
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To provide clarification and practice of obligation and permission phrases in the context of instructional signs.
Subsidiary Aims
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To provide listening to modal verbs and sts practice repeating them.
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To provide opportunity for writing their own rules using expressions of obligation and permission.
Procedure (45-59 minutes)
T talks about a friend who made an accident because he didn't stop when the traffic sign is red. T asks questions and elicit the situation.
Sts read varied signs from different places and T asks them questions to elicit grammar points of obligation and permission.
T draws attention to the target language of obligation and highlights the use of each expressions and its degree.
PHONOLOGY: Problem: Sts may pronounce the first 't' in 'mustn't' Solution: T says that it is silent. MEANING : Problem 1: Sts may think that 'can' indicates ability. Solution: T says that it is about permission. Problem 2: Sts may not know the degree of prohibition and. Solution 2: T explains that on the board. Have to / don't have to: strong obligation (possibly from outside) Children have to go to school. (sometimes 'have got to') Must / mustn't: strong obligation (possibly based on the speaker's opinion) Should / shouldn't: mild obligation or advice FORM Problem: Sts may write the negative for 'have to' as 'haven't to' and are 'allowed to' as 'are allowed not to' Solution: T writes some sentences on the board and explains where 'not' is put.
Sts complete sentences with the appropriate verbs working in pairs.
T asks sts to think of a certain place the visited and what signs they read.
Sts work working individually writing sentences or a list of rules for a place they visited. Then, his partner guesses the place.