grammar: modal verbs of obligation:must,have to, should
Intermediate level
Description
Materials
Main Aims
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To provide clarification of modal verbs of obligation:must,have to, should in the context of a text
Subsidiary Aims
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By the end of this lesson, students will have learnt the modals of obligation and how to use them in different situation
Procedure (30-45 minutes)
T tells ss: I have a video for you to watch. T plays video: Mr. Bean in the Cinema to set context for obligation. T elicits from students: Where was Mr. Bean? ( in the cinema) . What was he trying to do? (smoke, drink, talk on his mobile).. Was it against the rules for him do these things? (Yes ) What do the rules let him do? (buy drinks and popcorn ) T asks ss to discuss in small groups: What are some other rules you would expect to find in the cinema? T nominates a few ss to share answers from their group.
-ask SS to read a passage about " Mobile phone etiquette" and pay attention to the highlighted phrases. Then ask them questions about the passage. What was it about? about mobile phone etiquette. Do you agree with what he said? yes ask them to match the highlighted phrases to their meanings.monitor SS to check their answers in pairs and check if they have difficult in understanding. -feedback
Write the phrases on the board and elicit their rules . you should change it. you must not use your phone. you don't have to shout. you have to keep your phone on. you must take a call. Then clarify their meaning and distinct them from each other. should (weak)= used to show what is right, appropriate, etc., especially when criticizing somebody’s actions must (strong) = We use “must” to talk about obligations. Often, when we use “must”, the authority for the obligation comes from the person who is speaking have to (rules) = We can also use “have to” to talk about rules and regulations. The authority for the obligation doesn’t come from the person who is speaking. Perhaps the rule is a general law or obligation. Positive: Subject + Should/must/ have to + V + Object. Negative: 1. Subject + Should/must + not + V + Object. 2. Subject + don’t/does not+ have to + V + Object Question: 1. Should/must+ Subject + V + Object? 2. Do/Does + Subject+ have to + Object call them to the board and give them one word to go to their rigth place as a part of a sentence and play a game to understand the rules better. S1= clean S2 = your S3= room S4= should S5= You positive sentence: 5 4 1 2 3 negative sentence : 5 4 Not 1 2 3 ( me play as NOT) question: 4 5 1 2 3 ? ( me play as ?)
ask SS to move to exercise one - emphasis that SS have to complete the sentences to make them means. -SS work in pairs and write their answers. -give SS the feedback . If there is enough time, T will ask SS to answer exercise 2 or a part of it, in pairs.
give the students some words and ask them to make them in pairs into meaningful sentences. after that check their answers with the keys on the slide. Visitors must not take photographs You should see a doctor at once You should take an umbrella and put on a raincoat You must not talk to your phone in a quiet zone.
ask SS to choose any three places that come to their minds and make a list of the most important rules for each place. - ask Ss to work in groups, or pairs, read the rules to their groups but without saying the place. others should guess the place. - giving feedback e.g. cinema: You don't have to smoke there.