Modals of Deduction (must, can't, may, might, could
Intermediate level
Description
Materials
Main Aims
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To provide clarification and practice of modals of deduction "must", "can't", "may", "might" and "could" in the context of travel
Subsidiary Aims
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To provide specific information in the context of travel
Procedure (39-47 minutes)
Introduce myself. Ask Ss to have a look at the pictures taken in different places. Pair them off and tell them to guess where those pictures were taken and explain their reasons. Do not confirm or deny anything at this stage.
Tell the ss that they are going to listen to a conversation between Amy and Joe discussing the photos on Conrad's web page. Ask them to check their ideas about the photos in the previous activity and compare their answers with their partners. Find out if anyone got any of the places correct, and then give the AK.
Ask the ss to listen to the recording again and number the photos in the order they mention, then check with their partners. Demonstrate the activity and ask CCQs if needed. Play the recording again and break it down if needed.
For a post listening activity, the ss are regrouped and asked to match the cut-ups with the pictures on Conrad's web page. Tell them that they are going to use all the words in the cut-up cards. Do the first one for them as a demo. Ask ICQs if needed! "How many photos do you see?" 4. "How many words do you have?" 8. "Are you going to use all the words or just four of them to match with the photos?" All the words. Then, they are going to come to the board and match the words with the photos. If there is a wrong answer, ask the WC to correct it. Drill the words such as "ancient ruins" and "built-up skyline" In pairs, the ss will discuss if they see any of those in their countries. They will share interesting answers with the class.
Remind the sts that they heard two people in the last section discussing where photos might have been taken. Ask them if the speakers were sure 100% about where the photos were taken. They discuss in pairs and tell their reasons.
The ss are going to look at three sentences taken from the listening script. They are going to look at the explanations about the modals of deduction in the table and complete the sentences with "must" and "can't". Then check their answers with a partner. In order to check for understanding, draw a cline and have sts map the model verbs.
Ask sts to look at the descripitons of countries in the table. Tell them that the name of the countries are missing. The sts are going to name the countries to reach a decision by thinking carefully about the known facts in the table.Tell them that there are four extra countries in the box.
When they have completed their tables, ask them to discuss their ideas in pairs. Then ask them to write sentences to show they decided. Go through the example with the class and point out that the writer has used "must" because he or she is certain that Brazil is the correct answer. Encourage them use all the model verbs in their sentences, not just must. Go round giving extra help when needed. Finish by asking the sts to discuss in pairs if they have been to any of these countries before. in pairs.