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Linking Words in Opinion Essays
inter level

Description

πŸ“Œ Class Level: Intermediate (Mixed-Level) πŸ“Œ Lesson Duration: 45 minutes πŸ“Œ Lesson Focus: Understanding and using linking words for improved cohesion in opinion essays πŸ“Œ Methodology: Task-Based Learning (TBL) + Presentation, Practice, Production (PPP) πŸ“Œ AI Integration: ChatGPT for example generation, feedback, and revision πŸ“Œ Collaboration: Padlet for peer review and shared learning

Materials

Abc Devices with Internet
Abc Padlet Board
Abc PPT Slides
Abc Topics for Opinion Paragraphs

Main Aims

  • To help students develop cohesion in their opinion essays by using linking words effectively with the support of AI-generated feedback.

Subsidiary Aims

  • βœ… Recognizing the Importance of Linking Words – Students analyze how essays feel disconnected without them and discuss their function. βœ… Structuring an Opinion Essay Logically – Students rearrange scrambled essay paragraphs and understand the logical flow. βœ… Using AI to Generate and Refine Linking Words – Students ask ChatGPT for linking word examples, evaluate AI’s output, and improve their own writing. βœ… Applying Linking Words in Full Essays – Students insert linking words into their own writing and use AI for feedback and refinement. βœ… Collaborative Learning – Students post their work on Padlet and give peer feedback on linking word usage.

Procedure

Warmer/Lead-in β€’ Help students recognize disorganized writing and the need for linking words.

πŸ“Œ Task: βœ… Give students a scrambled opinion essay (with separate scrambled paragraphs: introduction, body, and conclusion). βœ… In pairs, they rearrange sentences within each paragraph. βœ… Then, they put the paragraphs in the correct order to form a full opinion essay. πŸ“’ Discussion: What was difficult about organizing the essay? Did the sentences flow smoothly? What was missing? πŸ“ Transition: β€œNow let’s see how linking words improve writing flow!”

Exposure (8-10 minutes) β€’ To provide a model of production expected in coming tasks through reading

πŸ“Œ Task: βœ… Introduce five categories of linking words: Addition: Moreover, In addition, Furthermore Contrast: However, On the other hand, Nevertheless Cause & Effect: Therefore, As a result, Consequently Giving Examples: For example, For instance, Such as Conclusion: To sum up, In conclusion, Overall βœ… Show a before & after version of a paragraphβ€”one without linking words and one with them. πŸ“’ Class Discussion: How does the revised version feel different? Which linking words made the biggest difference?

Useful Language (8-10 minutes) β€’ To highlight and clarify useful language for coming productive tasks

πŸ“Œ Task: βœ… Students copy & paste the following prompt into ChatGPT: "Give me three example sentences using linking words. One should show contrast, one should show cause & effect, and one should show addition." βœ… Write down AI-generated sentences and analyze them with a partner. πŸ“’ Class Discussion: Did AI provide good examples? Would you change anything?

Productive Task(s) (18-20 minutes) β€’ To provide an opportunity to practice target productive skills

πŸ“Œ Task: βœ… Fill-in-the-blanks linking words exercise (6 sentences). βœ… Return to the scrambled essay from the beginning and insert linking words where needed. βœ… Use ChatGPT for Feedback: "Check my essay for linking words. Do they improve clarity and coherence? Suggest improvements without rewriting." βœ… Choose a new opinion essay topic and write a short structured essay using at least 8 linking words. Should schools have a four-day school week? Is it better to adopt a pet from a shelter than buy one? Should public transport be free for everyone? Are video games beneficial for students?

Feedback and Error Correction (8-10 minutes) β€’ To provide feedback on students' production and use of language

πŸ“Œ Task: βœ… Copy the full essay into ChatGPT for detailed feedback. βœ… Use the following prompt: "Check my essay for linking words, grammar, and vocabulary. Provide feedback like a teacher, but do NOT rewrite my essay." βœ… Share AI feedback with a partner and discuss: Did AI agree with your linking word choices? What changes did you make? βœ… Post final versions on Padlet and review peer essays.

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